Photographic-film-delivering machine.



E. A. RUTENB'ER. PHOTOGBAPHIO FILM DEVELOPING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED DEO.1'4, 190s. Patented Dec. 29,'1908.,

, 2 sums-sum 1.

. INVENTOR. EdwinAJZuenZer W/TNE SSE 8 new y W ATTORNEYS E. A.- RUIENBER. PHOTOGRAIHIG FILM DEVELOPING MACHINE.

' APPLICATION FILED DBO. I4, 1906. V I I Patented Dec. 29, 1908.

v lA/VENTd/i EJwinA.Ruten72er ATTORNEYS WITNESSES the UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWIN A. R UTENBER, OF LOGANSPO RT, INDIANA.

, PHOTOGRAPHIC-FILM-DEVELOIPIN G MACHINE.

7 Application filed December 14, 1906. Serial No. 347,866.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWIN A. RUTENBER,

a citizen of the United States, residing at.

ing photographic films in the daylight, thereby dispensing with the use of a photogra hers dark room.

1 y apparatus enables the operator to save time and labor in the developing process, for the reason that as soon as the exposures are made, or at any convenient time subsequent thereto, even in bright sunlight, the film may be removed from the camera in the ordinary manner, placed in the machine, the latter then closed, and the operations of developing and fixing the film carried out without risk of the film becoming light struck or damaged in any way.

The object of the invention is to provide a sim Is and compact apparatus which can be easi y carried around, in a trunk'or other inclosure, and which apparatus can be easily and uickly operated, Without exposure of In to the light, for subjecting the film to the required treatment.

My invention consists, broadly, in the provision ofmeans for spacing the successive portions of a photographic film, during the operation of wlnding the latter on a movable carrier, such as a reel, whereby the film, when coiled or wrapped on said carrier, will have its layers or convolutions so spaced or separated as to permit of the free circulation of asolution or agent in and through the wrapped film, for the purpose of obtaining access to all portions thereof, and thereby subjecting the film to the roper treatment.

In one embodiment of t e invention, the devices for separating and spacin the layers of the film are movable into an from the movable carrier, and, with such spacing devices, cooperate means for feeding them successively to the carrier, when it is moved or tumed 1n one direction.

The aforesaid parts are contained, preferably, in an appropriate casing, the latter being provided, also, with means for supporting a film-spool, from which the film, to be treated, is drawn in the operations of winding it on the carrier, and of spacing the layers by the interposition of the spacing devices.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 29 1908.

In the accompanying drawings, I have illustrated one practical embodiment of the invention, but the construction shown therein is to be understood as illustrative only, and not as defining the limits ofthe invention.

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through a film developing machine, constructed'in accordance with this invention, the plane of section being'indicated'by the dotted line 11, ofFig. 2. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross section through the apparatus, near one end thereof, on the dotted line 22, of Fig. 1. Fi 3 is a vertical cross section on the dotted line 33 of Fig. 1, illustrating the magazine loaded with a number of indi-, vidual spacing members, and showing also the initial stages of the operation of winding and spacing a filmor web on the rotatable carrier. Fig. 4 is a vertical cross section similar to Fig. 3, illustrating an advanced stage of the operation of windingand spacin a film or web on the rotatable carrier.

11 the embodiment of the invention shown by the accompanying drawings, A designates a shell or casing, which is provided at one end with a head or closure a,and it is furthermore provided on its under side with suitable legs or feet a, for the purposeof supporting the machine in a horizontal position on a table or other surface during the operations of winding, develo ing and fixing a photographic film. As s own, the head or closure, 0., is integral with the casing. A, thus the said casing; the other end of the casing being open.

B designates a removable head or closure, which is provided with the flange b, the latter being adapted to fit tightly into the open end of the casln for the purpose of connecting the closure to the casing A 1n a llqllld tight manner.

Any suitable means or devices ma; be employed for securing a liquid-tight olnt between the casing and the removable head B,

but as these details do not form an essential part of the invention, it is not considered necessary to illustrate a specific embodiment of said means.

The casing A, and the heads a, B, thereof, may have any suitable shape in cross section, but, for compactness in construction, I have shown the casing as substantially circular,

the upper part of the casing being extended in a way to produce a small chamber a,

" graphic him and its spool, when said film is ing said heads and being secured rigidly I 7 ing A, 1 employ a frame which is attached to ment with the hub e, and being furthermore united or attached to the head B. It will be rigidly by the sleeve e to the head B, and

which connects with the main chamber A.

of my apparatus for the treatment of the the form shown by Fig. 2, from which it apgether by a curved web or shell D (see Figs.

D (see Fig. 1).

- passes a horizontal shaft 0.

Said small chamber a, at the upper part of the casing, is adapted to receive the phototo be developed, whereas the chamber A contains the several devices forming a part According to this invention, it is preferable to employ a rotatable carrier, on which the film is adapted to be coiled or Wound in a manner to automatically space or separate the layers or convolutions of the film, such automatic spacing of the layers being performed simultaneously with the rotation of the carrier. The carrier C consists of the heads 0, c, and a sleeve c the latter connectthereto.

For supporting the carrier and the several working parts or the machine within the easthe head 15, so as to be independent of the casing A, the latter being removable from the headb and the other working parts of the machine when it isdesired to obtain access to the interior of said machine. Theframe forms a magazine for holding the desired number of individual web spacing members, as will hereafter appear. As'shown by the drawings, the frame consists of members or plates l), D, said plates being preferably of pears that each plate is provided with an arm or extension 'd, adapted to project upwardly into the chamber a. within the casing The plates, D, D, are united or connected to- 1, 3 and 4 of. the drawings) curved grooves, a, being formed between the web or shell and inwardly projecting flanges of the plates D D near the periphery thereof... The plate D of the frame is provided with a hub or boss 0, whereas the other plate D has a boss or sleeve 4;, the latter being arranged in alineunderstood that the plate D is secured that'the late D is connected .rigidly by the web or sl iell D to the companion plate D, whereby the several parts of the-frame are connected rigidly to each other, and in like manner connected to the head B.

The rotatable carrier 0 is arranged between the plates D D of the frame, the heads c c of said carrier lyin close to the plates D The s eeve c of said carrier is in alinement with the hub e and the sleeve e, and through these parts, a, e and c This shaft is supported in the'hub e and the sleeve c, and said shaft carries or supports the carrier C, the sleeve, c of which is connected by C, or its equivalent, to said shaft C.

' tion.

a(pin mg end of the shaft C is not connected with the head, a,'of the casing, whereas the other end of the shaft extends through the sleeve 0 thus enabling a suitable crank handle C to be attached to the shaft, see Fig. 1, whereby the shaft may be operated by hand without opening the machine for the urpose of rotating the reel 0 on its axis wit in the inclosing casing.

The rotatable carrier C is provided with a plurality of radial grooves or slots adapted for the reception of the spacing members, the latter being shown in one embodiment of the invention as rods F, which are provided with lfi eads ff at the respective ends thereof, see

As shown by Figs. 3and 4, each head 0 c of the rotatable carrier has radial grooves, g g y y although the number of grooves may be increased or decreased as desired. The groove 9 of the head 0, is in alinement with the groove 9 of the head 0, and this is true with respect to each of the other grooves in the respective heads, whereby the spacing rods F, when fed or supplied to the carrier,

may be connected with the heads 0 c in a I manner to rotate or turn with said carrier. The corresponding grooves, g, g, in the respective heads of the carrier form a pocket or receptacle adapted to receive a number of the spacing rods, F; and the same is true of each of the other grooves, g, g y in said heads of the carrier.

It will be understood that the headed rods F are contained within the curvedgrooves e, in the plates D D of the supporting frame,

said rods F extending in series partway around the rotatable carrier C, as shown by Fig. 3, when the machine is ready for opera- These headed rods are adapted to'be discharged from the magazine one after the other, or successively, and to be supplied or fed to the successive grooves in the heads of the carrier on the rotation of-the latter. May machine is provided with the means a apted to normall impel the headed spacing rods toward a ischarge point, and it is provided also with means for regulating the successive discharge ,of said spacing rods from the magazine to the carrier, these de vices being actuated automatically and 00- operating with the rotatable carrier for the purpose of controlling the feed of the spacing a rods or members.

The point at which the headed spacing rods are delivered from themagazine to the rotatable carrier is at the upper part or side of the machine, referably at the upper, edge or terminal d o the web or shell The outer wall of the groove terminates in an inturned extension, h, which forms a radial flange, the latter being s aced with relation to the edge d of the shell aspace or openbeing leftbetween said .fian e h and the edge 11 see Figs. 3 and 4. The eaded spacing rods are adapted to be delivered, one after the other, through this space or opening, and each rod F is adapted to rest or lodge on the eriphery of the carrier heads a 0', until said carrier turns far enough for the rod to drop into the proper grooves of the res ective heads 0 c.

The eaded spacing rods fit loosely in the grooves, e, of the plates D D constituting the magazine, so that the rods are stacked or piled one on to of the other. For lifting the pile of heade rods, and moving them toward the opening which is next to the flange h, I provided spring-actuated follower devices, Which are independent in their action of the rotatable carrier. In one embodiment of the invention, the lifting or impelling mechanism for the head s acing rods is in the form of a bail H, which is hung loosely on the hub e and the sleeve e Said bail consists of ,the arms h and the cross bar h said arms 71 having loops or eyes 71 fitted loosely around the hub e and the sleeve e The bail H fits loosely around the frame, as shown by Fig. 1, and the cross bar 72, of said bail is provided with the fingers h*, the latter being adapted to engage with the spacing rods F between the heads f thereof, see Fig. 1. Any suitable form of spring may be employed for moving the swingin bail H in one direction, but, as shown by lugs. 1 and 2, I prefer to employ the springs 1, arranged at the respective ends of the machine. Each spring is coiled upon itself to roduce a loop, '5, adapted to fit around the liub e and the sleeve e one arm of the spring being con fined in a fixed lug 11, while the other end of the spring is formed into a hook 41 which engages with an arm h of the bail. It is evident that the springs I exert tension on the bail H, for the pur ose of pressing said bail toward the flan e 2, and thus the stack of spacing rods-wi be moved or impelled toward said flange.

The grooves, g, g and 9 in the heads, a, c, ofthe rotatab e carrier di' ide each head into a plurality of sectors, and the peripheries of these sectors'arecut away so as to produce the depressions or pockets, 7'. The heads, a, c, are prozided with short peripheral flanges, J, extending beyond the peripheries of the sectors, and on these extended flanges, J, the heads, f, of the rods, F, are adapted to rest when discharged from the magazine. The end portions 7" of each pocketare inclined, such inclined portions formin cam surfaces, on which are adapted to ri e the yieldable detents K. Two of these detents are provided on the fixed frame within 'the casing, said detents being near the groop'es 6, comprising I the magazine for the headed spacing rods F. Each detent is preferably a spring metal plate of irregular contour, one

,end of each spring detent being secured rigidly to the shell D? of the frame. The spring frame detent is provided at its free end with a lip k,

which is quite close to the radial flange h,and said detent K is-adapted to spring normally away from the magazine, so as to rest upon the inwardly extending flange J. The arrangement of the detents K with respect to the flanges J of the rotatable reel is such that the detents are pressed by the ribs toward the magazine for the purpose of moving the lips 7c into the path of the headed spacing rods, whereby the detents operate to confine the rods in the magazine.

As the carrier and 7 its flanges J turn, the detents K drop into one of the pockets 1, thus withdrawing the lips 7c of said detents from the path of the stack of headed spacing rods, whereupon said spacing rods are impelled by the springactuated bail H to discharge the uppermost spacing rod F through the opening between the flange h and the edge d of the shell D The spacing rod thus. ejected from the magazine rests on the edges of the heads 0 0, but

as the carrier continues to turn, one ofv the cam surfaces j of the ribs J lea es the detents K, and causes the lips 7c thereof to fit in between the first and second spacing rods of the series. It is to be understood that the first spacing rod referred to is the rod ejected from the magazine in the manner described, and which rests-upon the heads of the re.- tatable carrier, while the second spacing rod is the uppermost rod of the series confined in the magazine. This action of the detents is controlled entirely by the rotation of the car-3 andfeed of a headed s acing rod takes place at each quarter turn of the carrier C, and said headed rods are thus fed successively to the different sets of groo' es on the rotation of .struction shown, this automatic discharge the carrier, whereby the headed rods in the different sets of grooves are adapted to engage with one another, and to be spaced by the heads f thereof within said carrier, the rods rotating with the carrier in the manner graphically portrayed in Fig. 4.

The rotatable carrieris re-cented from turning in a backward directlon by a suitable check mechanism. Said mechapism consists of a ratchet L, which is integral with or attached to the head 0. With the ratchetengages a yield'able pawl L, fastened to a plate D,-although it will be understood that other' forms of check (lGWTlCGSJnELY be employed.

M designates a film spool adapted to be supported in the chamber a of the casing by apropriate forms of spool holders. As shown yFig. 1, the spool holder 0 is in the form of a brake adapted to engage frictionally with one end of the spool M, to prevent undue rotation thereof. Said holder 0 is a sleeve mounted looselyvon a pin, 0, attached to an extension, d, of the late D. The sleeve is provided with a bra :e disk 0, and with an axial stud 0 the latter fitting loosely within an openingym, of the film spool. The sleeve, 0, is free to move endwise on the supporting pin 0, and around said sleeve 0 is a coiled spring 0, the latter tending to force the brake disk 0 into frictional engagement with an'end ortion of the film spool M. The other ho der P is a hollow spindle, fitted slidably inla sleeve, p, which is integral with an extension, d, of the frame plate 19 Said spindle, P, has astud, 1), adapted to fit in t e opening m of the spool M, and said spindle or holder Pis pressed normally toward the film spool by the s ring 12 It is evident that the s indle or holder P ma be pressed backward y into the sleeve p, w en it is desired to remove or insert the filmspool M, and, as the two holders 0 P arespring-actuated, it is evident that a film spool M can be easily introduced or removed, and, that the two holders, may be readily adjusted to accommodate film spools which vary somewhat in length.

The agents for treating a photographic film may be supplied to the apparatus in any suitable way or by any appropriate means. As shown by Fig. 1, the head B of the casing is'provided with a pouring spout, Q, the same being preferably inclined. Said spout opens into or communicates with the main chamber A of the casing, and, as shown, said spout is pdapted to be closed by a cap, g, or its equivaent.

scribed as follows: To lace a film spool M, with a roll of film which has been exposed, into the machine, the operator proceeds to remove the casing A by drawing it endwise from the head B, thereby exposing the frame, the reel-like carrier, and the film s 001 holders O P. The spacing members F s ould not be supplied to the machine during the reliminary adjustment of the film spool, t us permitting, the carrier 0 to be rotated quite reely in one directionby operating the crank 0 It is well known to those skilled in the art that photographic films are supplied to the users of cameras on spools, said films being protected by a black web of non-actinic paper. After the film shall have been exposed,

' it is customary to wrap the web of paper around the film, and remove it from the camera, this operation being performed in the daylight. The film so exposed and in- The operation of the apparatus may be declosed is adapted to be transferred from the camera to the apparatus of this invention. The spool holder spindle P may be ressed backwardly into the sleeve 1), the spoo M adjusted between the holder 0 and the repressed holder P, and the spring 2 now operates the holder P so as to make tile two holders 0 P engage frictionally with the respective ends of the spool M, the studs .0 and p ofthe respective holders fitting in the passage m of said spool. The operator now roceeds to draw the web of paper, 1', from t e spool M, and the end portion of this web is coiled around the sleeve 0 of the rotatable carrier C. If desired, suitable means may be employed for attaching said web to said sleeve. The carrier is turned for the purpose of connectingthe paper web to the s eeve 0 whereupon the operator. should proceed to-deposit the spacing members, F, in the magazine, e, of the frame, 1) D, care being first taken to press the follower bail H back to the'end of the grooves 6. It is to be understood that the magazine should be charged or filled with the'spacing members F, and the detents K engaged with the uppermost spacing members of the series in the magazine. The casing A should now be replaced by slipping it over the frame, and engaging it with the flange b of the head B, thereby inclosing all of the operating parts and the film s 001, the crank C being the only part expose outside of the machine. The operator now proceeds to turn the crank C slowly, thereby rotating the carrier C, and continuim the operation of winding .the web 1', on the sleeve 0 As the carrier makes 'a quarter turn, the

following operations take place: the detents K first drop into the pockets 7' of the carrier, whereupon the uppermost spacing member F is free to drop out of the magazine and upon the heads 0 c of the carrier. As the as the carrier completes its first quarter turn,

the spacing member F resting on the heads 0 0 will drop into the grooves g of the carrier heads, whereby said spacing member F, on the continued. movement of the carrier, is adapted to engage with the web 1' or the film R substantially as indicated by Fig. 3. The operation of su plying spacing members F to the slots in t ecarrier C is repeated each time the carrier completes a quarter turn, and thus, on the first rotation of the carrier, spacing members F are supplied successively and automatically to the grooves g g; g of said carrier, thereby supplying the carrier with one group of separate spacing members F, the latter forming a supporting surface for the first layer or convolution of the film R. Whenthe carrier completes a second revolution, a second group of spacing membels F is supplied in the manner described to the grooves of the carrier, and the spacing members of this second group are adapted for engagement with the film in a manner to support the second layer of the film and to separate or space the second layer of film from the first layer of film. This separation ,of the layers is due to the fact that the heads f, of the first and second groups of members F engage with each other in a manner to space the rods of the second group from the rods of the first group, as shown by Fig. 4. Itwill be understood that the carrier may be rotated any desired number of times, for the purpose of supplying a desired numberof spacing rods to each groove of the carrier, the number of groups of spacing rods depending somewhat upon the length of the photographic film. When the film shall have been wound u on the spacing rods of the carrier, the said will have been withdrawn from the spool M, and, as will be understood b reference to Fig. 4, the entire wound film wi have its convolutions or layers separated or spaced for the purpose of permitting the film treating agents to circulate freely through said film and between the separated layers thereof. Assuming that the film is completely wound upon the carrier, the operator now supplies the developing agent through the spout Q, and the crank (l should be turned slowly for the urpose of moving the wound film through t e bath of developing agent. When the film shall have been developed, the agent may be poured off through the "S out, and, if desired, a washing fluid may e supplied through said spout, after which the carrier should be rotated. so as to fixing solution of any suitable character can then be supplied to the machine. through the aforesaid spout Q. When the film is fixed, the agent may be poured off, the casing A removed, for the purpose of exposing the film, and the film may then be drawn from the carrier. The s acing rodsF may, of course, dro out of t e grooves which form the poo ets or receptacles of said carrier, and they may be gathered together and washed re dhine when it is desired to again use it for developing and fixing a PhOtOgltIPhlO film. Having thus fully descrlbed the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentisz- 1. In a device of the class described, a movable carrier, a plurality of spacing deimlnary to replacing them in the ma-.

' means whereby said spacing devices are sue cessively positioned'on said carrier during the movement thereof.

2. In a device of the class described, a movable carrier, spacing devices independent of each other and normally disconnected from the carrier, and feed mechanism for supplying the spacing devices to said carrier for said spacing devices to be disposed in'radial groups thereon, whereby said groups of devices provide supports for retaining the folds of a web or film in spaced relation to each other on said carrier. I

3. In a device of the class described, a revoluble carrier, a plurality of spacing members, normally separate from said carrier, and means 0 erated by the movement of the carrier for ceding the spacing members successively to 'the carrier.

4. In a device of the class described, a rotatable carrier, and spacing members adapted on the rotation of the carrier to be positioned therein automatically, said members being rotatable with the carrier, and being grouped thereon for spacing and supporting the layers or convolutions of a web or film.

5. In a device of the class described, a rotatable carrier, spacing members independent of each otherand normally disconnected from said carrier, and means 0 erated at intervals during each turn of t e carrier for positioning said spacing deviceswithin said carrier.

6. In a device of the class described, a magazine, separate or individual spacing members therein, 'a carrier, and means where-- by the spacing members are successively moved from the magazine to the carrier, said spacing members when connected to the carrier being arranged for supporting and spacing the layers of a web or film.

7. In a device of the class described, a casing, a magazine therein, spacing devices adapted to be held by said magazine, a carrier also within the casing, and means whereby the spacing devices are supplied from the magazine to the carrier, said's acing devices when connected to the carrier eing arranged for supporting a web or film in separated layers.

8. In a device of the class described, a movable carrier, means for supporting a web or film to'be treated, a magazine, spacing devices adapted to be contained'norm'ally in said magazine, and means for feeding the spacing devices from said magazine to said carrier.

.9. In a device of the class described, a carrier provided with means for receiving s acing members,- and headed spacing mem era adapted to said means of the carrier, the

heads of said members spacing them from each other'.

said pockets, each rod having a spacing de- 3 vice, said pockets of the carrier being adapted to receive a plurality of said rods and each group of rods forming a web supporting surface, whereby the layers or convolutions of the web will be supported and separated by the rods.

I 12. In a device of the class described, a rotatable carrier provided with a plurality of radial pockets, and spacing members adapted to occupy said pockets, each pocket serving to carry a plurality of spacing members, each group of which constitutes a web supporting surface, whereby the layers or windings of a web are supported and separated by groups of members on said carrier.

13. In a device of the class described, a

carrier, a magazine having a point of dis,

charge adjacent to the carrier, spacing members in said magazine, and meansfor arresting the discharge of the spacing members from the magazine, said means bein releasable automatically for discharging t e spacing devices successively.

14. In a device of the class described, a

carrier, a magazine having a point of dis-' charge adjacent to the carrier, spacing members in said magazine, andarresting means operated by the notation of the carrier for discharging the spacing members from said magazine to said carrier.

'15. In a deviceof the class described, a .carrier, a magazine having a point of discharge adjacent to the carrier, spacing members in said magazine, means for moving said s acing members toward said point of disc ar e of the magazine, and an automatic cutoi operating to check the movement of the spacing members and'releasable for the discharge of said spacing members from the 'magazme.

16. In a device of the class described, a carrier having a plurality ofperipheral -pockets, and a detent normally closed across the magazine by the carrier, said detent being movable into the pocket of the carrier, whereby the detent is withdrawn from the magazine.

17. In a device of the class described, a carrier having a detent-receiving pocket, and a yieldable detent normally cooperating with the magazine and adapted to move into the pocket ofthe carrier.

18. In a device of the class described, a

magazine for web-s acing members, a radi ally-slotted carrier aving peripheral pockets between the slots thereof, and a detent I cooperating with the magazine and adapted .to move into the peripheral pocket of the car- I 1181'. i 19. In a device of the class described, a magazine for web-spacing members, a carl rier having peripheral pockets, each pocket 1 having a cam surface, and a yieldable detent adapted to move into sald pocket, and to ride on the cam surface thereof. I

20. In a device of the class described, a 3 magazine, spacing members therein, a follower operating to move the spacing members towarll a point of discharge from the magazine, an arresting device in the path of i the spacing members, and a carrier for receiving the spacing members. 7

21. In a device of the class described, a magazine, a rotatable carrier, spacing members in said magazine, a pivoted follower movable on an axis concentric to that of the carrier and operating on the spacing members, and an arresting device cooperating with the magazine.

22-. In a device of the class described, a

l r I l l l porting said carrier, spacing devices in said magazine, a follower bail pivoted on the supporting devices for the carrier and operatively arranged relative to the spacing memlfierf, and a spring acting onsaid follower 23. In a device of the .class described, a magazine, a rotatable carrier, spacing devices in said magazine, a-spring-actuated follower independent of the carrier and acting to eject the spacing devices, and an arresting device in 'cooperatlve relation to the spacing devices and controllable by the rotation of the carrier.

24. In a device of the class described, a rotatable carrier, a magazine, spacing members therein, means for checking the rotation of the carrier in one direction, and means whereby the s acing members are supplied to the carrier w en rotated in the other direction.

25. In a device of the class described, a casing, a supporting frame removable bodily from said casing, a web-carrier mounted in said frame,tan'd film-suppOrtin means also mounted in said frame, where y the webcarrier and the film-supporting means are insertible and removable with said frame.

26. In a device of the class described, a casing, a supportingframe removable bodily from said casing, a web-carrier mounted in said frame, film-supporting means also mounted in said frame, and a brake member whereby the web-carrier, the film-supporting means and the brake member are, insertible and removable with said frame relative to said casing.

27. In a device of the class described,-a casing, a supporting frame removable bodily from said casing, a web-carrier mounted in cooperating with said film-supporting means,

' said frame, film-spool holder's mounted in the frame above said web-carrier, and a brake member also supported on the frame in a position forengagement with a head of a film spool adapted to be fitted between the holders, whereby the web-carrier, the filmspool holders and the brake member are insertible and removable with said frame relative to the casing.

28. Ina device of the class described, a casing, a supporting frame removable bodily from said casing, a web-carrier mounted in said frame, stationary supports onsaid frame, a slidable member htted to one of the supports and having a brake disk and a spoolengaging stud, another slidable member on the other supports and likewise having a spool-engaging stud, and springs acting on the individual slidable members.

29. In a device of the class described, a frame attached to a casing-head, a casing adapted to inclose said frame and fitted removably to said head, a carrier mounted for rotation within said frame, and means whereby spacing members are supplied automatically to said carrier. 7

30. In a device of the class described, a casing, a magazine therein for containing Web spacing members, a rotatable carrier also within the casing, and automatic means for feeding spacing devices from said magazine to sald carrier.

31. In a device of the class described, a magazine for containing web-spacing devices, a rotatable carrier within said casing,

means outside the casing for operating said carrier, and automatic devices operated by the rotation of the carrier for supplying said web spacing devices to the carrier.

- casing, a magazine for containing web spacing devices, means for supporting a film spool in the casing, a rotatable carrier, a plurality of independent web-spacing devices adapted to be contained in said magazine, and means for feeding the spacing devices successively to the carrier on the rotation thereof, whereby each spacing device when fed to the carrier is brought into engagement with the web or film and forms a support and spacing device for a part of the film or web.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' EDWIN A. RUTENBER. Witnesses: I

"E. L. RUTENBER,

CARRIE BIRKENRUTH. 

